Canto
9
Canto
9
Chapter 23: The Dynasties of the Sons of Yayâti: the Appearance of Lord Krishna
(1) S'rî S'uka said: 'Of Anu [the fourth son of Yayâti, see 9.17, 9.18 & 9.19] were there the three sons Sabhânara, Cakshu and Pareshnu. From Sabhânara was thereafter Kâlanara born and from him followed a son called Sriñjaya. (2) Of Janamejaya [after him] there was a son Mahâs'âla who had Mahâmanâ. Us'înara and Titikshu were the two sons of Mahâmanâ. (3-4) S'ibi, Vara, Krimi and Daksha were the four born from Us'înara. Vrishâdarbha, Sudhîra, Madra and the self-realized Kekaya were four sons born from S'ibi. Of Titikshu there was one called Rushadratha from whom was born Homa who begot Sutapâ. Bali was Sutapâ's son. (5) Headed by Anga, Vanga and Kalinga were Suhma, Pundra and Odra known as being born from Dîrghatama's semen in the wife of the great conqueror Bali. (6) It were their names that were given to the six states they created in the east [of India]. From Anga came Khalapâna into existence and from him appeared thereafter Diviratha. (7-10) From Dharmaratha, his son, was Citraratha born, celebrated as Romapâda. Romapâda had no children and thus delivered his friend Das'aratha, S'ântâ, his own daughter [to be adopted], who then married whith Rishyas'ringa [a hermit who lived in the forest, see also 8.13: 15-16]. But because the god [Indra] did not shower any rains was he, that son of a doe, drawn with the help of courtesans who dancing and singing with music bewildered him with embraces and worship. On behalf of the childless king established he [Rishyas'ringa] a marutvân [son-giving] sacrifice so that Das'aratha [as the father-in-law] was delivered a child [as well as the rain, see B.G. 3: 14]. And so did he [Romapâda], sonless, indeed achieve offspring; he got Caturanga who then had Prithulâksha for his son. (11) Brihadratha, Brihatkarmâ and Brihadbhânu were his sons. From the eldest [Brihadratha] was there Brihanmanâ and from him was there the one celebrated as Jayadratha. (12) Vijaya with him born from Sambhûti had thereafter Dhriti and from him took Dhritavrata his birth from whom Satkarmâ was born who had Adhiratha for his son. (13) He playing at the bank of the Ganges found in a basket the baby that was abandoned by Kuntî because it was born before she was married. Being sonless he adopted it as his son [Karna]. (14) O master of the universe, Vrishasena was Karna's son. Of Druhyu [Yayâti's third son] there was a son Babhru who next begot Setu. (15) Ârabdha born from him had Gândhâra and from him incarnated Dharma. He had Dhrita, and of Dhrita there was Durmada of whom the son Pracetâ had a hundred sons. (16) They as kings accepted the jurisdiction over the northern direction, the uncivilized areas of Mlecchades'a. Turvasu [Yayâti's second son] had the son Vahni and Vahni had next Bharga who begot Bhânumân. (17) Tribhânu, his son, had also one: the magnanimous Karandhama. His son was Maruta; he, sonless, adopted a Paurava [Dushmanta, see also 9.20: 7] as his son. (18-19) Dushmanta desirous for the throne, turned back to his clan [the Purus]. Of Yayâti's first son Yadu there was a dynasty, o best of the humans, that I'll now describe.
To hear about the Yadu dynasty is a thing highly pious that vanquishes all sinful reactions in human society. Anyone simply hearing it is freed from the aftermath of sin.(20-21) In this dynasty descended the Supreme Lord [Krishna], the Supersoul, looking just like a human being [see also S.B. 1.2: 11]. Of Yadu there were the four sons celebrated as Sahasrajit, Kroshthâ, Nala and Ripu, and from them had S'atajit, born from the first of them, as his sons then Mahâhaya, Renuhaya and Haihaya. (22) Dharma then became Haihaya's son and his son Netra was the father of Kunti [not Kuntî]. Sohañji became the son of Kunti and he begot Mahishmân who had Bhadrasenaka. (23) Durmada was born of Bhadrasena together with Dhanaka. Dhanaka fathered the sons Kritavîrya, Kritâgni, Kritavarmâ and Kritaujâ. (24) Of Kritavîrya there was Arjuna [Kârtavîryârjuna] who became emperor over the seven continents and obtained all the great qualities [the eight siddhis] of yoga from Lord Dattâtreya, an [ams'a-] incarnation of the Supreme Personality [see also 9.15, 10.73 & 12.3]. (25) There was indeed none to find on this earth who could equal Kârtavîrya in his qualities of sacrifice, charity, austerity, yogic achievement, education, strength and mercy. (26) For eighty-five thousand years was his strength without deterioration indeed to be factually inexhaustible and could the six forms of pleasure [to the senses and mind] be enjoyed in full remembrance and all opulence. (27) Of his thousand sons only five remained alive in the fight [with Paras'urâma]: Jayadhvaja, S'ûrasena, Vrishabha, Madhu and Ûrjita. (28) Jayadhvaja had Tâlajangha of whom then a hundred sons were born. They made up a kshatriya clan known as the Tâlajanghas that was destroyed thanks to the power [that Sagara] received from sage Aurva [see 9.8: 3-7]. (29) Of Tâlajangha's eldest son Vîtihotra, there was Madhu, who had a hundred sons of whom, the celebrated Vrishni was the eldest. From him there was the dynasty.
(30-31) O King, the Yâdava, Mâdhava and Vrishni dynasties [of Lord Krishna's ancestors] received their names from their leading personalities. Yadu's son Kroshthâ had a son with the name Vrijinavân. His son was Svâhita who next had Vishadgu of whom there was Citraratha from whom S'as'abindu took his birth, a great yogi who became a highly fortunate personality who, undefeated as an emperor, had all the fourteen kinds of great riches [*]. (32) S'as'abindu had ten thousand wives, and in them he so greatly famous begot ten thousand lakhs [**] of sons [and grandsons]. (33) From them we but know six as the foremost. Prithus'ravâ [one of them] had a son with the name Dharma. Us'anâ, his son performed a hundred as'vamedha sacrifices. (34) Of his son Rucaka there were five sons named Purujit, Rukma, Rukmeshu, Prithu and Jyâmagha. Please hear now about them. (35-36) Jyâmagha was, despite of the fact that he had no sons, afraid to accept another wife than his wife S'aibyâ. He then brought with him a sensual girl from the camp of an enemy clan upon which S'aibyâ seeing the girl sitting on her seat in the chariot very angry said to her husband: 'Who is this you have allowed to sit upon my seat on the chariot, you cheater?'
'She's your daughter-in-law' he then informed her upon which she smilingly said to her husband:
(37) 'I am sterile, I have no co-wife, how then can she be my daughter-in-law? What son could you put on this earth?'
'My Queen', [he replied,] 'This girl will be very suitable for him!'
(38) With the demigods and ancestors [as propitiated by Jyâmagha] accepting that statement got S'aibyâ pregnant and gave she in due course of time birth to a son. That son was the auspicious, well known Vidharba who later married the chaste girl that was accepted as the daughter-in-law'.
Second edition, loaded February 13, 2008.
Source texts:
The Dynasties of the Sons of Yayâti
S'rî S'uka said: 'Of Anu [the fourth son of Yayâti, see 9.17, 9.18 & 9.19] were there the three sons Sabhânara, Cakshu and Pareshnu. From Sabhânara was thereafter Kâlanara born and from him followed a son called Sriñjaya.S'ukadeva Gosvâmî said: Anu, the fourth son of Yayâti, had three sons, named Sabhânara, Cakshu and Pareshnu. O King, from Sabhânara came a son named Kâlanara, and from Kâlanara came a son named Sriñjaya. (Vedabase)
Of Janamejaya [after him] there was a son Mahâs'âla who had Mahâmanâ. Us'înara and Titikshu were the two sons of Mahâmanâ.
From Sriñjaya came a son named Janamejaya. From Janamejaya came Mahâs'âla; from Mahâs'âla, Mahâmanâ; and from Mahâmanâ two sons, named Us'înara and Titikshu. (Vedabase)
S'ibi, Vara, Krimi and Daksha were the four born from Us'înara. Vrishâdarbha, Sudhîra, Madra and the self-realized Kekaya were four sons born from S'ibi. Of Titikshu there was one called Rushadratha from whom was born Homa who begot Sutapâ. Bali was Sutapâ's son.
The four sons of Us'înara were S'ibi, Vara, Krimi and Daksha, and from S'ibi again came four sons, named Vrishâdarbha, Sudhîra, Madra and âtma-tattva-vit Kekaya. The son of Titikshu was Rushadratha. From Rushadratha came Homa; from Homa, Sutapâ; and from Sutapâ, Bali. (Vedabase)
Headed by Anga, Vanga and Kalinga were Suhma, Pundra and Odra known as being born from Dîrghatama's semen in the wife of the great conqueror Bali.
By the semen of Dîrghatama in the wife of Bali, the emperor of the world, six sons took birth, namely Anga, Vanga, Kalinga, Suhma, Pundra and Odra. (Vedabase)
It were their names that were given to the six states they created in the east [of India]. From Anga came Khalapâna into existence and from him appeared thereafter Diviratha.
These six sons, headed by Anga, later became kings of six states in the eastern side of India. These states were known according to the names of their respective kings. From Anga came a son named Khalapâna, and from Khalapâna came Diviratha. (Vedabase)
From Dharmaratha, his son, was Citraratha born, celebrated as Romapâda. Romapâda had no children and thus delivered his friend Das'aratha, S'ântâ, his own daughter [to be adopted], who then married whith Rishyas'ringa [a hermit who lived in the forest, see also 8.13: 15-16]. But because the god [Indra] did not shower any rains was he, that son of a doe, drawn with the help of courtesans who dancing and singing with music bewildered him with embraces and worship. On behalf of the childless king established he [Rishyas'ringa] a marutvân [son-giving] sacrifice so that Das'aratha [as the father-in-law] was delivered a child [as well as the rain, see B.G. 3: 14]. And so did he [Romapâda], sonless, indeed achieve offspring; he got Caturanga who then had Prithulâksha for his son.
From Diviratha came a son named Dharmaratha, and his son was Citraratha, who was celebrated as Romapâda. Romapâda, however, was without issue, and therefore his friend Mahârâja Das'aratha gave him his own daughter, named S'anta. Romapâda accepted her as his daughter, and thereafter she married Rishyas'ringa. When the demigods from the heavenly planets failed to shower rain, Rishyas'ringa was appointed the priest for performing a sacrifice, after being brought from the forest by the allurement of prostitutes, who danced, staged theatrical performances accompanied by music, and embraced and worshiped him. After Rishyas'ringa came, the rain fell. Thereafter, Rishyas'ringa performed a son-giving sacrifice on behalf of Mahârâja Das'aratha, who had no issue, and then Mahârâja Das'aratha had sons. From Romapâda, by the mercy of Rishyas'ringa, Caturanga was born, and from Caturanga came Prithulâksha. (Vedabase)
Brihadratha, Brihatkarmâ and Brihadbhânu were his sons. From the eldest [Brihadratha] was there Brihanmanâ and from him was there the one celebrated as Jayadratha.
The sons of Prithulâksha were Brihadratha, Brihatkarmâ and Brihadbhânu. From the eldest, Brihadratha, came a son named Brihanmanâ, and from Brihanmanâ came a son named Jayadratha. (Vedabase)
Vijaya with him born from Sambhûti had thereafter Dhriti and from him took Dhritavrata his birth from whom Satkarmâ was born who had Adhiratha for his son.
The son of Jayadratha, by the womb of his wife Sambhûti, was Vijaya, and from Vijaya, Dhriti was born. From Dhriti came Dhritavrata; from Dhritavrata, Satkarmâ; and from Satkarma, Adhiratha. (Vedabase)
He playing at the bank of the Ganges found in a basket the baby that was abandoned by Kuntî because it was born before she was married. Being sonless he adopted it as his son [Karna].
While playing on the bank of the Ganges, Adhiratha found a baby wrapped up in a basket. The baby had been left by Kuntî because he was born before she was married. Because Adhiratha had no sons, he raised this baby as his own. [This son was later known as Karna.] (Vedabase)
O master of the universe, Vrishasena was Karna's son. Of Druhyu [Yayâti's third son] there was a son Babhru who next begot Setu.
O King, the only son of Karna was Vrishasena. Druhyu, the third son of Yayâti, had a son named Babhru, and the son of Babhru was known as Setu. (Vedabase)
Ârabdha born from him had Gândhâra and from him incarnated Dharma. He had Dhrita, and of Dhrita there was Durmada of whom the son Pracetâ had a hundred sons.
The son of Setu was Ârabdha, Ârabdha's son was Gândhâra, and Gândhâra's son was Dharma. Dharma's son was Dhrita, Dhrita's son was Durmada, and Durmada's son was Pracetâ, who had one hundred sons. (Vedabase)
They as kings accepted the jurisdiction over the northern direction, the uncivilized areas of Mlecchades'a. Turvasu [Yayâti's second son] had the son Vahni and Vahni had next Bharga who begot Bhânumân.
The Pracetâs [the sons of Pracetâ] occupied the northern side of India, which was devoid of Vedic civilization, and became kings there. Yayâti's second son was Turvasu. The son of Turvasu was Vahni; the son of Vahni, Bharga; the son of Bharga, Bhânumân. (Vedabase)
Tribhânu, his son, had also one: the magnanimous Karandhama. His son was Maruta; he, sonless, adopted a Paurava [Dushmanta, see also 9.20: 7] as his son.
The son of Bhânumân was Tribhânu, and his son was the magnanimous Karandhama. Karandhama's son was Maruta, who had no sons and who therefore adopted a son of the Puru dynasty [Mahârâja Dushmanta] as his own. (Vedabase)
Dushmanta desirous for the throne, turned back to his clan [the Purus]. Of Yayâti's first son Yadu there was a dynasty, o best of the humans, that I'll now describe. To hear about the Yadu dynasty is a thing highly pious that vanquishes all sinful reactions in human society. Anyone simply hearing it is freed from the aftermath of sin.
Mahârâja Dushmanta, desiring to occupy the throne, returned to his original dynasty [the Puru dynasty], even though he had accepted Maruta as his father. O Mahârâja Parîkshit, let me now describe the dynasty of Yadu, the eldest son of Mahârâja Yayâti. This description is supremely pious, and it vanquishes the reactions of sinful activities in human society. Simply by hearing this description, one is freed from all sinful reactions. (Vedabase)
In this dynasty descended the Supreme Lord [Krishna], the Supersoul, looking just like a human being [see also S.B. 1.2: 11]. Of Yadu there were the four sons celebrated as Sahasrajit, Kroshthâ, Nala and Ripu, and from them had S'atajit, born from the first of them, as his sons then Mahâhaya, Renuhaya and Haihaya.
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krishna, the Supersoul in the hearts of all living entities, descended in His original form as a human being in the dynasty or family of Yadu. Yadu had four sons, named Sahasrajit, Kroshthâ, Nala and Ripu. Of these four, the eldest, Sahasrajit, had a son named S'atajit, who had three sons, named Mahâhaya, Renuhaya and Haihaya. (Vedabase)
Dharma then became Haihaya's son and his son Netra was the father of Kunti [not Kuntî]. Sohañji became the son of Kunti and he begot Mahishmân who had Bhadrasenaka.
The son of Haihaya was Dharma, and the son of Dharma was Netra, the father of Kunti. From Kunti came a son named Sohañji, from Sohañji came Mahishmân, and from Mahishmân, Bhadrasenaka. (Vedabase)
Durmada was born of Bhadrasena together with Dhanaka. Dhanaka fathered the sons Kritavîrya, Kritâgni, Kritavarmâ and Kritaujâ.
The sons of Bhadrasena were known as Durmada and Dhanaka. Dhanaka was the father of Kritavîrya and also of Kritâgni, Kritavarmâ and Kritaujâ. (Vedabase)
Of Kritavîrya there was Arjuna [Kârtavîryârjuna] who became emperor over the seven continents and obtained all the great qualities [the eight siddhis] of yoga from Lord Dattâtreya, an [ams'a-] incarnation of the Supreme Personality [see also 9.15, 10.73 & 12.3].
The son of Kritavîrya was Arjuna. He [Kârtavîryârjuna] became the emperor of the entire world, consisting of seven islands, and received mystic power from Dattâtreya, the incarnation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Thus he obtained the mystic perfections known as asta-siddhi. (Vedabase)
There was indeed none to find on this earth who could equal Kârtavîrya in his qualities of sacrifice, charity, austerity, yogic achievement, education, strength and mercy.
No other king in this world could equal Kârtavîryârjuna in sacrifices, charity, austerity, mystic power, education, strength or mercy. (Vedabase)
For eighty-five thousand years was his strength without deterioration indeed to be factually inexhaustible and could the six forms of pleasure [to the senses and mind] be enjoyed in full remembrance and all opulence.
For eighty-five thousand years, Kârtavîryârjuna continuously enjoyed material opulences with full bodily strength and unimpaired memory. In other words, he enjoyed inexhaustible material opulences with his six senses. (Vedabase)
Of his thousand sons only five remained alive in the fight [with Paras'urâma]: Jayadhvaja, S'ûrasena, Vrishabha, Madhu and Ûrjita.
Of the one thousand sons of Kârtavîryârjuna, only five remained alive after the fight with Paras'urâma. Their names were Jayadhvaja, S'ûrasena, Vrishabha, Madhu and Ûrjita. (Vedabase)
Jayadhvaja had Tâlajangha of whom then a hundred sons were born. They made up a kshatriya clan known as the Tâlajanghas that was destroyed thanks to the power [that Sagara] received from sage Aurva [see 9.8: 3-7].
Jayadhvaja had a son named Tâlajangha, who had one hundred sons. All the kshatriyas in that dynasty, known as Tâlajangha, were annihilated by the great power received by Mahârâja Sagara from Aurva Rishi. (Vedabase)
Of Tâlajangha's eldest son Vîtihotra, there was Madhu, who had a hundred sons of whom, the celebrated Vrishni was the eldest. From him there was the dynasty.
Of the sons of Tâlajangha, Vîtihotra was the eldest. The son of Vîtihotra named Madhu had a celebrated son named Vrishni. Madhu had one hundred sons, of whom Vrishni was the eldest. The dynasties known as Yadava, Madhava and Vrishni had their origin from Yadu, Madhu and Vrishni. (Vedabase)
O King, the Yâdava, Mâdhava and Vrishni dynasties [of Lord Krishna's ancestors] received their names from their leading personalities. Yadu's son Kroshthâ had a son with the name Vrijinavân. His son was Svâhita who next had Vishadgu of whom there was Citraratha from whom S'as'abindu took his birth, a great yogi who became a highly fortunate personality who, undefeated as an emperor, had all the fourteen kinds of great riches [*].
O Mahârâja Parîkshit, because Yadu, Madhu and Vrishni each inaugurated a dynasty, their dynasties are known as Yâdava, Mâdhava and Vrishni. The son of Yadu named Kroshthâ had a son named Vrijinavân. The son of Vrijinavân was Svâhita; the son of Svâhita, Vishadgu; the son of Vishadgu, Citraratha; and the son of Citraratha, S'as'abindu. The greatly fortunate S'as'abindu, who was a great mystic, possessed fourteen opulences and was the owner of fourteen great jewels. Thus he became the emperor of the world. (Vedabase)
S'as'abindu had ten thousand wives, and in them he so greatly famous begot ten thousand lakhs [**] of sons [and grandsons].
The famous S'as'abindu had ten thousand wives, and by each he begot a lakh of sons. Therefore the number of his sons was ten thousand lakhs. (Vedabase)
From them we but know six as the foremost. Prithus'ravâ [one of them] had a son with the name Dharma. Us'anâ, his son performed a hundred as'vamedha sacrifices.
Among these many sons, six were the foremost, such as Prithus'ravâ and Prithukîrti. The son of Prithus'ravâ was known as Dharma, and his son was known as Us'anâ. Us'anâ was the performer of one hundred horse sacrifices. (Vedabase)
Of his son Rucaka there were five sons named Purujit, Rukma, Rukmeshu, Prithu and Jyâmagha. Please hear now about them.
The son of Us'anâ was Rucaka, who had five sons - Purujit, Rukma, Rukmeshu, Prithu and Jyâmagha. Please hear of these sons from me. (Vedabase)
Jyâmagha was, despite of the fact that he had no sons, afraid to accept another wife than his wife S'aibyâ. He then brought with him a sensual girl from the camp of an enemy clan upon which S'aibyâ seeing the girl sitting on her seat in the chariot very angry said to her husband: 'Who is this you have allowed to sit upon my seat on the chariot, you cheater?'
'She's your daughter-in-law' he then informed her upon which she smilingly said to her husband:
Jyâmagha had no sons, but because he was fearful of his wife, S'aibyâ, he could not accept another wife. Jyâmagha once took from the house of some royal enemy a girl who was a prostitute, but upon seeing her S'aibyâ was very angry and said to her husband, "My husband, you cheater, who is this girl sitting upon my seat on the chariot?" Jyâmagha then replied, "This girl will be your daughter-in-law." Upon hearing these joking words, S'aibyâ smilingly replied. (Vedabase)
'I am sterile, I have no co-wife, how then can she be my daughter-in-law? What son could you put on this earth?'
'My Queen', [he replied,] 'This girl will be very suitable for him!'
S'aibyâ said, "I am sterile and have no co-wife. How can this girl be my daughter-in-law? Please tell me." Jyâmagha replied, "My dear Queen, I shall see that you indeed have a son and that this girl will be your daughter-in-law." (Vedabase)
With the demigods and ancestors [as propitiated by Jyâmagha] accepting that statement got S'aibyâ pregnant and gave she in due course of time birth to a son. That son was the auspicious, well known Vidharba who later married the chaste girl that was accepted as the daughter-in-law'.
Long, long ago, Jyâmagha had satisfied the demigods and Pitâs by worshiping them. Now, by their mercy, Jyâmagha's words came true. Although S'aibyâ was barren, by the grace of the demigods she became pregnant and in due course of time gave birth to a child named Vidarbha. Before the child's birth, the girl had been accepted as a daughter-in-law, and therefore Vidarbha actually married her when he grew up. (Vedabase)
* In the Mârkandeya Purâna the fourteen kinds of great jewels of an emperor are described as follows: (1) an elephant, (2) a horse, (3) a chariot, (4) a wife, (5) arrows, (6) a reservoir of wealth, (7) a garland, (8) valuable costumes, (9) trees, (10) a spear, (11) a noose, (12) jewels, (13) an umbrella, and (14) regulative principles.
**: One lakh is one hundred thousand.
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